Preventing Flat Head Syndrome (Plagiocephaly) For Babies That Sleep On Their Back
Does this worry you?
If so, keep reading…
Babies grow and change daily, seemingly by the hour! They're constantly learning and taking in their surroundings, which is an absolute joy to witness. One aspect of their development that can sometimes be overlooked is the prevention of flat head syndrome, also known as plagiocephaly.
As a pediatric occupational therapist…
I've had the privilege of working with families who've faced flat head syndrome (plagiocephaly) in their little ones. It can be a daunting experience for parents, but the good news is that it's entirely treatable. Importantly, it's not a sign of something parents did wrong but rather a reflection of their responsible choice to place their sleeping baby on their backs. While treatable, all healthcare professionals emphasize that prevention is the best approach. So, what can you do to prevent flat head syndrome (plagiocephaly) while your baby is sleeping?
What is flat head syndrome or plagiocephaly?
Plagiocephaly, often referred to as flat head syndrome, occurs when your baby's skull flattens in areas where it should be naturally round, or it may appear shorter and wider. This condition can manifest on the back of the head or the sides, depending on your baby's sleeping habits. It develops because a baby's skull is soft and still in the developmental phase, making it susceptible to pressure and shaping.
How can flat head syndrome or plagiocephaly impact your baby?
A flat-shaped head, while not causing harm to your child's health, it can impact their appearance. It may lead to bald patches in specific areas or result in asymmetry in their eyes or ears, potentially causing issues later in life.
How can you prevent flat head syndrome or plagiocephaly?
There are several things you can do to prevent flat head syndrome in your child. Here are some things to keep in mind when positioning your child awake or asleep:
Ensure a safe cozy sleep space:
Make sure they sleep on a firm, flat mattress and the space is free of blankets, loveys, and pillows that cause a suffocating risk for babies under 12 months of age.
Rotate your baby's sleeping position:
Alternate the direction in which your child's head faces in their crib or bassinet. For example, on the first night, place their head towards the window/wall, and on the second night, place their feet towards the window/wall. This encourages your baby to look in different directions each day and reduces consistent pressure on one area.
Avoid prolonged sleep in restrictive spaces:
Limit sleep in spaces such as car seats and strollers. While car seat naps are sometimes unavoidable, transfer them to a flat surface as soon as possible to allow head movement.
Change feeding positions:
Alternate the side in which you feed your baby so they have the opportunity to look in different directions.
Hold your baby more:
Yes, really!! Engage in baby-wearing and carry your baby, as this can provide relief to the back of their head and promote a well-rounded skull.
Practice lots of tummy time:
Start tummy time as early as possible to build your baby's strength and engage them with the world. It's also beneficial for repositioning and preventing flat heads. You can place your baby on your legs, prop them on your chest, or lay them on the ground. Use high-contrast pictures, lights, and sounds to keep them engaged while on their bellies to help encourage them to turn their head in different directions.
If you’ve successfully attempted all these strategies, but are noticing some flattening or your baby struggles to turn their head to one side, please talk to your child’s pediatric care provider about your concerns.
Take proactive steps by introducing these measures as early as possible: integrate regular tummy time, establish a secure cozy sleep space, and encourage head movement during feeding and playtime. Seek guidance from your child’s pediatric care provider when necessary. By following these recommendations and remaining attuned to your baby's needs, you can play a crucial role in preventing flat head syndrome or plagiocephaly and set the foundation for a bright and healthy future.
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Resources:
Cleveland Clinic. (2023). Plagiocephaly (Flat Head Syndrome). Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10691-plagiocephaly-flat-head-syndrome
Preventing flat heads in babies who sleep on their backs. (2001). Paediatrics & child health, 6(10), 790–795. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/6.10.790
The National Association for Plagiocephaly. What is Plagiocephaly? (https://plagiobaby.org/what-is-plagiocephaly/) Accessed 4/13/2023.